Virtual Lift Off
By Steve Gardner
By Steve Gardner
By Al Myers
I’m sure most everyone is wondering when the USAWA will be “up and running” again. This has been a very difficult period for our organization with the cancellation of many competitions. The Executive Board has discussed extensively how to move forward during this pandemic. Our main objective is keeping everyone safe from COVID19. We don’t want to risk a meet gathering which could spread this virus.
The IAWA Worlds, the IAWA Gold Cup, and the IAWA World Postal have been cancelled this year. The plan is to have this years promoters become next years promoters, and the 2021 promoters will become the 2022 promoters.
The USAWA EB has decided NOT to accept meet sanction requests for this fall (till 2021). The only comps we will promote are the 3rd Quarter Postal Meet and the Postal Championships. The EB has been “in talks” of possibly doing another type of postal meet this fall which would allow lifters to lift at their own gyms and facilities.
IAWA has made plans to have a “Virtual Competition” in September. I will make the official announcement on this tomorrow – so we DO have some good news!
AGING AND STRONG
Part III: On Hormones
By Dan Wagman, Ph.D., C.S.C.S.
Thus far I reasoned through why the all-round weightlifting age adjustment formula is fundamentally unfair and lacks common sense (see Part I). I then offered scientific evidence showing that in a healthy but otherwise sedentary population the effects of aging on muscle activation are only moderate and don’t become meaningful until you reach about 70 years of age (see Part II). However, one of the issues most people consider in their aging analysis is that of hormones. The basic understanding is that as you age your body produces less hormones, whether you’re a man or a woman, and that impacts your training and ability to gain or maintain strength.
Hormones for Strength
One of the things you always hear about in older men is how their levels of testosterone and growth hormone decline. In older women, particularly postmenopausal ones, changes in hormone levels are said to cause overall physical decline. It frankly sounds like once you’re an older guy or gal, life’s over because your hormones are gone. But here’s an interesting fact about hormones, they respond quickly to the stimulus of tossing a barbell around. On the other hand, hormones are highly complex and various anabolic hormones differ in their response, not only depending on gender, but also depending on how you train. Clearly, you have to turn to research in an effort to understand the link between age, hormones, and lifting weights.
An early and interesting study looked at the acute hormonal responses in men and women after heavy weight training.(1) They looked at 30-, 50-, and 70-year old men and women after they performed training sessions in the bench press, leg press, and sit-up. They had to perform 5 sets of each exercise with the heaviest weight they could lift for 10 reps (10-rep max or 10-RM). In response to this training the researchers found that average concentrations of serum testosterone and cortisol (a hormone that tends to rise in response to stress, and lifting weights at that high an intensity certainly constitutes stress) remained unchanged in all women. In 30- and 50-year old men testosterone increased significantly while cortisol increased significantly only in 50-year old men. Regarding growth hormone, that increased in 30- and 50-year old men and women significantly. Overall, the change in growth hormone levels was significant while that of testosterone was only minor.
With all the talk about the importance of testosterone and how it decreases in men due to age, rendering them weaker, with an implication of being less-of-a-man than what they used to be, this archaic thinking doesn’t consider how testosterone levels—and growth hormone—can vary throughout the day. In the control subjects of that study the scientists looked at changes in testosterone and growth hormone levels at noon and 1400 hrs. By way of brief illustration, the 50-year olds had the smallest amounts of testosterone at noon, followed by the 70-year olds and then the 30-year olds who showed the greatest amount. At 1400 hrs. the greatest drop in testosterone was recorded by the 30-year olds followed by the 50-year old group and the least change was found in the 70-year olds. Note, however, that none of these changes, nor the different levels of testosterone in the different age categories, was significant. You could therefore argue rather successfully that if it wasn’t significant, why even discuss it?
Four years later, in 1999, researchers from Ball State University, Pennsylvania State University, the University of Jyväskylä, Southern Cross University, the University of Arkansas, and Colorado College examined the effects of heavy weight training on various anabolic hormones in younger (30) and older (62) healthy and fit men.(2) This was a very complex study where I can only share the basic findings. Suffice to say, the subjects had to adhere to a 10-week scientific training program that emphasized high intensity work at varying levels of volume in each week. At the onset of the training program the younger group displayed greater strength and muscle size than the older group. In terms of hormones, only at weeks 3 and 6 were there significantly less serum total testosterone responses for the older men compared to the younger men. Regarding free testosterone the older men displayed less of a response compared to the younger men in weeks 3, 6, and 10. For growth hormone no significant differences were found. Though this represents an interesting insight into hormones, age, and lifting weights, what happened in regard to training gains? At the conclusion of the study both groups made significant gains in strength of about 15%.
As a next step the researchers wanted to know how each age groups’ hormones would respond immediately after a very tough session of squatting consisting of 4 sets at 10-RM with 90-seconds rest between sets. They did this test before the 10-week training protocol and again thereafter. The basic findings were that older men who are healthy and fit, but not weight trainers, can be stressed with an intense weight lifting regimen and make significant gains. Also, despite the fact that the younger men increased the size of their whole thigh significantly more than the older men, the relative strength gains in the thigh were the same between groups. The researchers link this finding to differences between groups in resting and exercise-induced adaptations of hormones. Also, regardless of age, hormone level adjustments due to heavy weight lifting occur in younger and older men.
Despite the same gains in strength, in terms of total testosterone younger men displayed significantly higher responses than the older men. Therefore, the impact of the greater testosterone response in younger men might not be as impactful to strength development as previously thought. This actually makes sense, because your muscles’ ability to gain strength—and size, for that matter—is not the result of just one variable, such as testosterone. Also, in the young men cortisol responses tended to be greater than in the old men. Cortisol is a stress hormone that’s catabolic, meaning it breaks down molecules. Since the older men’s cortisol response was less than the younger mens’, the researchers suggest that this might be a physiological mechanism that allows older men to significantly gain in strength without the same testosterone response as younger men. And as it relates to growth hormone, no significant changes were noted for resting concentrations in either group throughout the training period.
Still Gaining Strength
What these studies show is that whether you’re in your 30’s, 50’s, 60’s, or 70’s you’re able to make significant strength gains. How your hormones respond might be different depending on age, but that only means that your body finds different ways to adapt to what you do in the gym. At the end of the day, if your training results in strength gains, does it really matter how your body accomplishes that? A reasonable challenge to this observation might be the amount of strength gained. Despite the fact that the first study found younger and older trainees to gain the same amount of strength, this might not be typical. Moreover, if, as I stated earlier, there’s a lot more going on in your body than just hormones to help you get stronger, what else happens when younger and older people toss dumbbells? Surely there must be a difference between a 30-year old and a 50-year old. We’ll dig deeper in Part IV.
References
By Al Myers
It’s always exciting to see someone new join our officials ranks. Chris Todd, of the KC Strongman Club, recently passed the USAWA Rules Test and then completed his practical judging experience. He is now listed as a LEVEL ONE USAWA certified official.
Congrats Chris!!
By Bill Clark
One of the hardy folks who use the dungeon-like facilities of Clark’s Gym to recuperate, recharge and keep Father Time at a distance, with or without a face mask, is Dave DeForest.
Dave turned 60 on February 3 and decided to join the elite ranks of those who, once past the age of 40, could earn a certificate for doing the number of different lifts to match the lifter’s age.
He geared up to do 60 different lifts. Then he was successful – with many efforts that would have been national records had “Lift Your Age” been sanctioned by the governing body that approves such events.
Now he’s building a neck-lifting harness to go after the national record in the United States All-round Weightlifting Association’s national heavy-lift championship, an event that was first held in Clark’s Gym 30 years ago. His goal is break 500 pounds at age 60 – a record for his age in the 95-kg. (209 lbs.) class.
Have you ever wondered about guys like Dave DeForest? Where do they come from, what drives them – and what are their ultimate goals?
Dave is an excellent example of a normal male who enjoys a hobby. He looks and lives and acts like your next-door neighbor – because he is just that. The only difference, his love affair (outside the family) Is lifting heavy things when others his age have different “big boy toys.”
Dave, to be honest, is not the “guy next door,” but he is the guy “at the next farm down the road.”
He grew up in Marysville, Kansas, a community famous for its black squirrels (they are still there), the youngest of three children.
He was a center and linebacker in football, “but not in the class of the Riggins Brothers,” he admits.
John and Junior Riggins were college football stars and John went on to lead the Washington Redskins to the Super Bowl XVII title and to a losing effort in Super Bowl XVIII. His brother, Franklin (Junior), landed a big bonus contract with the California Angels, but vision problems limited his baseball career.
“They were from ‘just down the road at Centralia,’ and from a decade earlier, but every athlete in the area was compared to them – some of us not for long,” Dave admitted during a recent workout in the sauna of Clark’s Gym – which has no air conditioning and faces southwest.
“I also wrestled, but hated cutting weight and really preferred hunting and fishing on the Big Blue River to the wrestling world.”
Dave graduated from Marysville High in 1978, attended Kansas State for two years, then followed his heart to Lawrence and graduated from Kansas in 1982 with a degree in occupational therapy.
He married Kristy Ringen, who grew up in Beattie, a dozen miles down the road from Marysville, soon after graduation from KU and landed in Fulton – where Dave began 37 years as an occupational therapist at the Fulton State Hospital and Kristy taught junior high mathematics at Auxvasse Junior High for 31 years before retiring in 2014 to handle the family’s orchard business. Dave remains a part-time employee in the occupational therapy section.
In 1985, the DeForests bought 14 ½ acres south of Millersburg on Callaway Route J and planted 400 apple trees. They called the place “Cedar Wind Orchard,” because they love to hear the wind through the nearby cedars.
Along the way, they raised three kids – all girls, all scattered today, and all successful. Bridget Aldrich is a manager at Tiger Tots in Columbia; Lindsey Foster is a mechanical engineer in St. Louis: Ashley Pyle is an ophthalmology technician in Ft. Collins, Colorado. Lindsey and Ashley were both power lifters as teenagers.
Dave and Kristi now have three grandkids to keep them sharp, occasionally enlisting Dave as a baby sitter.
Kristi played softball for years and today is active as a pickle ball player. Both she and Dave love fishing the rivers for big catfish and recently landed a 45-pounder from the Moreau River just above where it enters the Missouri River.
They also pick most of the apples from the 400 trees at Cedar Wind Orchard. They share the orchard’s upkeep and the retail business. Dave says he has the responsibility of spraying the trees twice a year, but Kristi handles the sales and bookkeeping. It works.
Sounds like a normal family, enjoying life, the quiet of the country and the grandkids.
So why weightlifting?
Let Dave explain.
“When I was in the seventh grade, my parents bought me a 110-pound lifting set from Montgomery Ward – a six-foot bar with one-inch plates. I loved it. I added plates and continued lifting through high school, working alone at home. No competition, just the thrill of lifting.
“I was involved in intramurals at Kansas State, but didn’t touch weights again until getting settled at Fulton. I started lifting at home, then found the weight room at the Fulton YMCA and continued to train alone – really thriving on self-motivation.
“In 1994, I entered the Show-Me-State Games at West Junior High, my first meet since the K-State intramurals.
“You and Joe Garcia were in charge, so before the next Show-Me Games, I joined Clark’s Gym. I truly enjoyed the next few years, lifting in the Games and in national and international meets in the USAWA. I ran three open meets that drew the Midwest’s top lifters to North Callaway High and to Westminster College and was thrilled to win a silver medal in the world meet in Valley Forge, Pa., in 1997.
“I realized there was more in life than lifting and family responsibilities put lifting on the back burner, but not totally forgotten.
“So here we are today.”
At age 60, Dave is within range of what he did 20 years ago.
His best lifts included a 355 squat at 181 pounds; a 410 deadlift, 220 bench press, 1,275 hip lift, 1,600 harness lift, 590 neck lift, 850 hand-and-thigh, 600 leg press, 365 hack lift, 375 straddle lift, 390 two-barbell dead lift – all done before the age of 40.
Now, at age 60, he’s flirting with those same poundages.
His goal as a lifter? To beat those “bests” of two decades ago.
And Dave adds: “I love the excitement when my mind and my body come together, and I succeed in doing something I had not done before.”
And now you know why normal-looking family men lift weights.